Add PDF annotations to your file. Writing annotations is a way to ensure that you study a text, whether a novel, or some other work such as an autobiography carefully. Some annotations may only be a few sentences or may have a word count to shoot for — 100-150 words is a common length for an annotation. Aluedse, O. This question is asked by many, because the so-called "sammari" ("description" in English) may be needed both for the article and for the program or for any project. How to write an annotated bibliography. Specify, by means of concern of what troubles are getting looked into. 0:12: It’s common for people to read articles in newspapers, magazines, and online. We will consider them. If one knows how to write an annotated bibliography step by step, then annotation writing is easy. Any annotation writing starts with choosing a topic. An annotation will describe the work and may give the background of its author, but they also critique the resource and explain its strengths and weaknesses. Annotating a text or other media (e.g. Annotated Bibliography of Research in the Teaching of English. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/27784357. Annotation Explained Steps to Annotating a Source 1. 5. I recommend students cut short their annotations to about 100-150 words. Parts of the annotation . It can help to record your thoughts, keep your development on track and let others know what you have done and why. Be objective when writing an indicative or informative annotation. An annotation of an article is a type of meta-data, for example, a comment, an explanation, or a presentational markup, which is attached to the text, image, or another recorded item. One such area which many students/ scholars pay less attention to is Annotated Bibliography. . 0:00: Owl: Welcome to Annotating a Journal Article, an instructional video on reading comprehension brought to you by the Excelsior College Online Writing Lab. When writing annotations, there is a prescribed structure that should be followed. When you are writing an annotated bibliography, you shall have to consider purposes, format, writing style and examples to give your dissertation a full-fledged dimension. What are YOUR responses to the author’s writing, claims and ideas? Annotations can be written in a variety of different ways and it’s important to consider the style you are going to use. Leave one line in between the end of your reference and the beginning of the annotation. (1), 258-271. Unlike high school, students in college are expected to read more “academic” type of materials in less time and usually recall the information as soon as the next class. Write your paper, citations included. The concept of school staff helping build students’ “social competence” is showcased as a prevalent means of preventing and reducing this growing social menace. Amott, T. (1993). (2013). . More so, it is also easy to implement. 2. To sum up: An abstract is an author/editor written preview of their own work. Learn how to evaluate sources for a bibliography and write effective annotated citations. The length of the annotation will depend on the requirements and purpose of the annotated bibliography. Plester, B., Wood, C, & Bell, V. (2008). How to write an annotation? Janssen, T. (2009). To select several annotations at once, click and drag your mouse to … In an annotated bibliography that gives a concise overview of the topic, the annotation may take several sentences. Positive correlations between spelling ability and performance on the translation exercise were found, and group-based comparisons based on the children's writing scores also showed that good writing attainment was associated with greater use of texting abbreviations (textisms), although the direction of this association is not clear. Check with your instructor to determine which documentation style is required for your class: APA, MLA, Chicago/Turabian, CBE, Numbered References, APSA, etc.Then, remember that the bibliography is an organized list of sources used. Although we can attach them to packages, classes, interfaces, methods, and fields, annotations by themselves have no effect on the execution of a program. Reports on two studies that investigated the relationship between children's texting behavior, their knowledge of text abbreviations, and their school attainment in written language skills. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/233645656?accountid=2909. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/40004384, Renfrow, T.G., & Teuton, L.M. It is most appropriate to write in the third person. the explanatory paragraphs (the annotation). Research in the Teaching of English, 44(2), 210-241. Gambell, T.J., & Hunter, D. M. (1999). Instruction one Read the material. Often, annotation includes references to a definite part of the original text. However, over-reliance on highlighting is unwise for two reasons. Although coming up with a precise annotation is no easy task, My Homework Writers Will make it easy. Annotation is the practice of taking notes directly while working with a text or other media. An annotation is a brief summary or description (usually 100 to 200 words) of a publication (article, book, web site, movie, etc.). 3 Steps You Should Take to Write an Annotated List of References. Five explanations are offered for recently assessed gender differences in the literacy achievement of male and female students in Canada and other countries. Renfrow, T.G., & Teuton, L.M. So, you basically want to gather the information required to write each annotation as you are writing your actual paper. Add one space after a citation and write the annotation. An annotation is a brief note following each citation listed on an annotated bibliography. Be objective when writing an indicative or informative annotation. Dedicate a para to each annotation, extending about 3-6 sentences. Writing Annotated Bibliography in an improper way can lead to lowering your grades. The author discusses the modern prevalence of bullying in school systems, the effects of bullying, intervention strategies, and provides an extensive list of resources and references. Think of how you can summarize the reference in a couple of sentences, use your paraphrasing skills. These notes can include stars, check marks, phrases, questions, question marks, words, etc. Article abstracts are helpful in this process. Here is an example format for an assignment to annotate media: English Composition I: Rhetorical Methods–Based. Use past tense. What are YOU thinking as you consider the work? Bullying in schools: A form of child abuse in schools. How does the source influence your understanding of the topic? (2008). Mark down the source information. How to Write an Annotation One of the greatest challenges students face is adjusting to college reading expectations. More tips are in this article – PowerPoint PPT presentation Number of Views: 35 Survey: ... and write it in your own words in the margin. Write annotated bibliography. The following are three annotations from published works: Davis, Faith. Even the best annotated bibliography example will only give you a general idea about writing annotated bibliography, but the writing part will be done by you. Schoolyard bullying: Peer victimization an annotated bibliography. (Writing definitions in the margins can also be a useful way to remember more challenging terms.) Next, you discuss the scope, usefulness and drawbacks of the text. For the annotation of media assignments in this class, you will cite and comment on a minimum of THREE (3) statements, facts, examples, research or any combination of those from the notes you take about selected media. Using the information you collected during the research process, create a bibliography with annotated entries. 2. Review the items -Then review the actual items and choose those that provide a wide variety of perspectives on your topic. Unlike high school, students in college are expected to read more “academic” type of materials in less time and usually recall the information as soon as the next class. A very readable (140 pp) economic analysis and information book which I am currently considering as a required collateral assignment in Economics 201. Finally, we'll use the third annotation on the method level, to specify the method that we'll use to initialize our object. Beach, R., Bigelow, M., Dillon, D., Dockter, J., Galda, L., Helman, L., . Where to Make Notes. They are typically a single concise paragraph, but might be longer if you are summarizing and evaluating. The difference is that an annotated bibliography contains an added feature: a paragraph or annotation under each bibliographical entry. Selected Annotated Bibliography for Economists and Other Social Scientists. 3. Annotate to respond to a specific question or assignment prompt. Although coming up with a precise annotation is no easy task, My Homework Writers Will make it easy. To write an annotated bibliography here are the steps: 1. Like any bibliography, an annotated bibliography is an alphabetical list of research sources. They are typically a single concise paragraph, but might be longer if you are summarizing and evaluating. Write in full paragraphs of coherent, complete sentences. Are you simply summarizing the sources, or evaluating them? The goal is to briefly summarize the source and/or explain why it is important for a topic. Indent the annotation under the reference citation. doi:10.1080/02763910802336407, PO Box 210033 Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0033, Alerts | Clery and HEOA Notice | Notice of Non-Discrimination | eAccessibility Concern | Privacy Statement | Copyright Information. Write the name of the author, then the date of the publication of the internet article, its name, the name of the publisher, as well as the place of publication, and at the end give the URL. The annotations: The annotations for each source are written in paragraph form. Plester, B., Wood, C, & Bell, V. (2008). Their eyes are moving across the page, but their mind is somewhere else. Depending on the assignment, your annotations can include one or more of the following sections: Summary. Annotation takes practice, and the better you are at it, the better you will be at reading complicated articles. If one knows how to write an annotated bibliography step by step, then annotation writing is easy. The following structure shows how to write an annotated bibliography: Length. We are sure that with some practice, you’ll see all the advantages of annotations, and find the process of writing them handy and exciting. The explanations revolve around evaluative bias, home socialization, role and societal expectations, male psychology, and equity policy. 0:18: But journal articles are a different kind of article, and they often can be very challenging to read. It means that while reading a text, you add notes to it, make your comments, explanations, opinions, questions or associations. Have a look at the example: Derryck, S. (2013). Educational Research Quarterly, 30(1), 37. For students, this usually means writing down questions or marking important passages in the margins of a book or on handouts. Write the annotation below the reference. Also, double-spaces between lines is mandatory. First, determine how you will annotate the text you are about to read. What do you think they would say in response to your comments? Some annotations may only be a few sentences or may have a word count to shoot for — 100-150 words is a common length for an annotation. How Should I Write Annotations? Write your annotation in paragraph form. Overall, these findings suggest that children's knowledge of textisms is not associated with poor written language outcomes for children in this age range. •Highlight the point of each paragraph and summarize it in the margin in your own words. For the annotation of reading assignments in this class, you will cite and comment on a minimum of FIVE (5) phrases, sentences or passages from notes you take on the selected readings. How to Write an Annotation One of the greatest challenges students face is adjusting to college reading expectations. In Study Two, children's performance on writing measures were examined more specifically, spelling proficiency was also assessed, and KS2 Writing scores were obtained. Beach, R., Bigelow, M., Dillon, D., Dockter, J., Galda, L., Helman, L., . 3 Include at least two supporting paragraph headings … Select (only available if you started the shared screen or whiteboard): Select, move, or resize your annotations. Highlighting is also a good way of picking out specific language within a text that you may want to cite or quote in a piece of writing. How To Write An Annotated Bibliography: Step By Step Getting Started. Detaled instruction on how to write an Annotation regarding an article, publication or a book. Don’t make major notes, mark unfamiliar concepts or words only. Unlike high school, students in college are expected to read more “academic” type of materials in less time and usually recall the information as soon as the next class. As you read take marginal notes. Annotation means writing key information alongside your work. Creating an annotated bibliography calls for the application of a variety of intellectual skills: concise exposition, succinct analysis, and informed library research.First, locate and record citations to books, periodicals, and documents that may contain useful information and ideas on your topic. Write the citation and annotation - When writing your annotation… As such, an annotated bibliography includes a brief summary, critique, and critical evaluation of the given sources. Include one or more sentences that (a) evaluate the authority or background of the author, (b) comment on the intended audience, (c) compare or contrast this work with another you have cited, or (d) explain how this work illuminates your bibliography topic. Save your file. The end result is wasted time, energy, and frustration…and having to read the text again. Highlight thesis statements, summarize main ideas, and circle or highlight important terms. (2006). Write the annotation below the reference. The prescribed length is normally a paragraph of 100-200 words. Writing the Annotation. Java annotations are a mechanism for adding metadata information to our source code. Community & Junior College Libraries, 14(4), 251-­275. Writing Annotated Bibliographies Graduate students are often required to create annotated bibliographies for research papers. Teach students to annotate any text from which they may need to produce evidence for an essay, debate, or examination. Mouse: Deactivate annotation tools and switch to your mouse pointer.This button is blue if annotation tools are deactivated. is as much about you as it is the text you are annotating. An annotated bibliography is a list of citations to books, articles, and documents. You may also see the word annotated used to describe published works. Its purpose is to give the potential reader/viewer/listener an accurate idea of the contents of the publication so that the reader can judge whether the publication is appropriate to the reader’s interests. Sometimes you will be given or recommended a topic by your instructor, but in … You can also use the Share With Others icon to send the file to others for commenting, but only select annotations are supported. This guide is to assist you in writing your annotations. https://guides.libraries.uc.edu/annotated_bibliography. You can add text boxes and sticky notes, underline text, strikethrough content, highlight text, and more. How We Can Help in Writing Your Annotated Bibliography in AMA Citation Style. Write a concise annotation that summarizes the central theme and scope of the book or article. When you finalize your paper you’ll have a list of all texts involved in your paper and you’ll simply need to … First, let’s look at what an annotated bibliography is and then how to write an annotated bibliography … Write the citation and annotation When writing your annotation, the complete citation should always come first and the annotation follows. First, summarise the main ideas of the content in your own words. Annotations are a powerful part of Java, but most times we tend to be the users rather than the creators of annotations. Sooner or later, each student faces such a task as writing an annotated bibliography. The length of the annotation depends on the purpose and requirements of the annotated writing. They know their purpose is to keep their attention on the material by: The same applies for mindfully viewing a film, video, image or other media. The goal is to briefly summarize the source and/or explain why it is important for a topic. In addition to bibliographic data, an annotated bibliography provides a concise summary of each source and some assessment of its value or relevance. Unlike high school, students in college are expected to read more “academic” type of materials in less time and usually recall the information as soon as the next class. Do not go overboard on section headings, as the annotated outline should be concise and to the point. The length will depend on the purpose. In addition to annotating written text, at times you will have assignments to annotate media (e.g., videos, images or other media). If you met the author at a party, what would you like to tell to them; what would you like to ask them? One of the ways proficient readers read is with a pen in hand. Annotations offer an alternative to the use of XML descriptors and marker interfaces. Write annotations. Depending on the details, special requirements may apply. How to Write an Annotation One of the greatest challenges students face is adjusting to college reading expectations. An annotation should cover the approach of the book, not explain how the author happened to write it. The author concludes with a section that addresses intervention strategies for school administrators, teachers, counselors, and school staff. In this tutorial, we're going to focus on how to create custom annotations, and how to process them. This should not be too complicated but I'm pretty lost in the Javadoc for javax.annotation.processing. Start with a short intro, then talk about the research methodology used. As you read highlight key information. According to the author, “American schools harbor approximately 2.1 million bullies and 2.7 million victims.” The author references the National Association of School Psychologists and quotes, “Thus, one in seven children is a bully or a target of bullying.” A major point of emphasis centers around what has always been considered a “normal part of growing up” versus the levels of actual abuse reached in today’s society. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/233645656?accountid=2909, Papadantonakis, K. (1996). Here is an example format for an assignment to annotate a written text: In addition to annotating written text, at times you will have assignments to annotate media (e.g., videos, images or other media). Its purpose is to give the potential reader/viewer/listener an accurate idea of the contents of the publication so that the reader can judge whether the publication is appropriate to the reader’s interests. Use past tense. NO quotes in an annotation! Think about what the main arguments are, the topics covered, and the point the author is making. You can be critical of the text, but you do not have to be. We can re… An annotated bibliography gives an account of the research that has been done on a given topic. (2), 210-241. Bullying in schools: A form of child abuse in schools. This guide is designed to help you learn more about writing annotated bibliographies and how they can be useful for conducting research. How to Write an Annotated Bibliography An annotation is a brief summary or description (usually 100 to 200 words) of a publication (article, book, web site, movie, etc.). That’s fine: it’s all about generating insights and ideas of your own. Annotation is a tool to help you learn how to actively engage with a text or other media. Most annotated outlines are no longer than two to two and a half pages long, with double spaces between each section. This part is present in most annotations as it covers the main ideas and arguments of the resource. Each citation is followed by a brief (usually about 150 words) descriptive and evaluative paragraph, the annotation. In Study One, 11 to 12 year-old children reported their texting behavior and translated a standard English sentence into a text message and vice versa. 3. How to Write Annotated Bibliography: When we talk about writing any comprehensive work there are some major points that we seem to pay less attention to. (2006). They are a powerful part of Java, and were added in JDK5. An annotation is a brief note following each citation listed on an annotated bibliography. Highlighting or underlining key words and phrases or major ideas is the most common form of annotating texts. If you know the citation style that you will be using, such as MLA or APA, it is even better if you can create an initial rough citation. Txt msg n school literacy: Does texting and knowledge of text abbreviations adversely affect children's literacy attainment? You can follow any style you want if you are writing for your own personal research process, but consult with your professor if this is an assignment for a class. Review the video, “How to Annotate a Text.”  Pay attention to both how to make annotations and what types of thoughts and ideas may be part of your annotations as you actively read a written text. An annotation relates to a summary or critical evaluation. Keep the entire paragraph indented , so your paragraphs are flush with the hanging indent in your second and any subsequent lines in your bibliography; only the first line of your bibliography is … Aluedse, O. Although students are taught how to read at an early age, many are not taught how to actively engage with written text or other media. Retrieved from: http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/anxiety-disorders/index.shtml?wvsessionid=wv650bd43245ce405884dd789794894544 This is a comprehensive listing of anxiety related disorders with descriptions of each disorder and narratives from those who have coped with the symptoms. Many people use this method to make it easier to review material, especially for exams. The skill of annotation may take some practice but offers a better understanding of complicated materials and helps easily and quickly find important information when reviewing. This involves doing research much like for any other project. Add a space after every citation and then write an annotation. Canadian Journal of Education, 24(1) 1-16. The easiest way to start your bibliography is to document your sources while you are writing a research paper. After having learned what a bibliography with an annotation is, it is high time to check out how to … Cite the source text as per the Harvard referencing style guide by UNSW Sydney. Rethinking gender differences in literacy. You could use the services of our AMA bibliography maker to come up with a perfect bibliography. Person. Sample 3 for Harvard referencing. If it is a printed article, you may be able to just write in the margins. If you are also confronted with this task but do not know where to start, then you are in the right place. Our agenda consists of the following: definition and characteristics of an annotated bibliography MLA, APA, Chicago template step by step annotated bibliography guide,annotation examples. Depending on the type of annotated bibliography you are writing, you will want to include: The purpose of the work; A summary of its … Write in full paragraphs of coherent, complete sentences. Describe exactly what is getting discovered in the reserve, exactly what is proven inside it, precisely what is being regarded, assessed, defined, revealed. If you are annotating properly, you often begin to get ideas that have little or even nothing to do with the topic you are annotating. When we annotate an author’s work, our minds should encounter the mind of the author, openly and freely. Annotated bibliography: Women and literacy. The problem is many students spend hours reading and have no idea what they just read. Annotated bibliography: Women and literacy. An annotated bibliography is different from the straightforward one because it comes with concise annotations added to the reference list. Briefly examine and review the actual items. Schoolyard bullying: Peer victimization an annotated bibliography. There are two main sections to each annotated bibliography entry: the bibliographical information (the reference). . Literacy, 42(3), 137-144. Kerka, S., & Imel, S. (2004). The homework assignment help online we provide is always easy to understand. MLA style requires text to be double spaced . These facts can be included as supportive details if pertinent, but the first sentence should always indicate that there is a book. For the annotation of media assignments in this class, you will cite and comment on a minimum of THREE (3) statements, facts, examples, research or any combination of those from the notes you take about selected media. To annotate or not to annotate: that is the age-old question of avid readers. Anxiety Disorder. Some annotations may only be a few sentences or may have a word count to shoot for — 100-150 words is a common length for an annotation. Annotation is a strategy of active reading. New York: Monthly Review Press. Janssen, T. (2009). 7, x22020 NO quotes in an annotation! The purpose of the annotation is to inform the reader of the relevance, accuracy, and quality of … Choose your sources -Before writing your annotated bibliography, you must choose your sources. Papadantonakis, K. (1996). Give them the following instructions: 1. How to Write an Annotated Bibliography - APA (7th Edition) Ask a Librarian E-Mail Us | 240-684-2020 855-655-8682, opt. On one hand, highlighting and writing in the margins is a great way to interact with the text and leave a physical reminder of how a book made you feel at a certain point in time. An annotation is a short text, which offers a brief overview on the purpose of the cited text, what the central ideas of the material are and how the author approached them. Caught in the Crisis: Women in the U.S. Economy Today. Ask questions, challenge, think! I want to write an annotation processor which processes annotated String fields and local variables to substitute them with a computed String expression. The lengths of the annotations can vary significantly from a couple of sentences to a couple of pages. Gambell, T.J., & Hunter, D. M. (1999). At the top of the document or annotation page, write down all of the citation information. •Continue reading the first sentence or two of the body paragraphs. The annotation must provide The homework assignment help online we … Selected Annotated Bibliography for Economists and Other Social Scientists. Annotate to understand the content and/or learn key vocabulary. Structure of an Annotation. a video, image, etc.) Writing the Annotation. Annotation is a concise description that helps you to have an idea about what the main material is about, its purpose and purpose. Let’s summarize what you need to do, to annotate an article: Read through the text once. Among its many strengths is a lucid connection of "The Crisis at Home" with the broader, macroeconomic crisis of the U.S. working class (which various other authors have described as the shrinking middle class or the crisis of de-industrialization). (2008). This article provides you with seven easy steps to write a comprehensive annotated bibliography that shall eventually turn out … Women's Studies Quarterly, 32(1), 258-271. Locate records to materials that may apply to your topic. But how to write an annotated bibliography? Statistics included provide an alarming realization that bullying is prevalent not only in the United States, but also worldwide. First, there is a tendency to highl… 3. Depending on the type of assignment, an annotated bibliography may be organized in the following way: 1.Summary of the source. View the following video about how to annotate a text. Women's Studies Quarterly, 24(3/4), 233-238. Writing the annotations 5. REVIEW THE MATERIALS For each selection, write a summary and a critique of the source. A colored pen might make it easier to see than black or even blue. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/27784357, Kerka, S., & Imel, S. (2004). Annotated Bibliography of Research in the Teaching of English. The site also discusses how sufferers can get help and what resources are a… Not all of these points are necessary for every annotation, and they certainly do not have to be noted in the order listed here, but they at least ought to be kept in mind when writing an annotation. The most frequently used are APA, MLA, Chicago, and Harvard styles. Any good insight is worth keeping because it may make for a good essay or research paper later on. Txt msg n school literacy: Does texting and knowledge of text abbreviations adversely affect children's literacy attainment? NIMH Website. . In the annotated bibliography sample, the bibliography gives a brief outline of the subject, which may require a … How to write an annotation intriguing and properly You can use the samples of the clipped annotations. Rethinking gender differences in literacy. For writing annotations there are state standards. … One of the greatest challenges students face is adjusting to college reading expectations. , 14 ( 4 ), 258-271 annotation when writing an indicative or informative.!, x22020 Dedicate a para to each annotation as you are summarizing and evaluating a to. Will depend on the purpose and requirements of the source and/or explain why is! That summarizes the central theme and scope of the original text, and school staff or evaluating them is age-old. References to a couple of sentences, use your paraphrasing skills indicative informative... A pen in hand the Crisis: women in the Teaching of English students to annotate or not to:. Can also use the samples of the book, not explain how author., each student faces such a task as writing an indicative or informative annotation ( 2004 ) of! Record your thoughts, keep your development on track and let others what! Each selection, write down all of the clipped annotations or words only R. Bigelow... Is present in most annotations as it covers the main ideas and arguments of the citation and then an! Fields and local variables to substitute them with a precise annotation is a brief note following citation! Which they may need to produce evidence for an essay, debate, evaluating!, phrases, questions, question marks, phrases, questions, question marks, words, etc are... Text from which they may need to produce evidence for an essay,,... Of annotating texts sources, or resize your annotations can vary significantly from a couple of sentences to a and! Focus on how to write an annotated bibliography … 5 simply summarizing sources! Start with a section that addresses intervention strategies for school administrators, teachers, counselors and..., you discuss the scope, usefulness and drawbacks of the text once eyes are across! Want to write it in your own words you could use the services our! College reading expectations & Teuton, L.M an account of the ways readers. Texting and knowledge of text abbreviations adversely affect children 's literacy attainment provide an alarming realization that is... Paper later on the easiest way to start, then annotation writing is easy down all of the source and... Happened to write in the United States, but the first sentence or two of the annotations the... Of 100-200 words reading expectations and female students in Canada and other Social Scientists the central theme and of! //Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/40004384, Renfrow, T.G., & Bell, V. ( 2008 ) across the page, write down of. Or marking important passages in the Crisis: women in the literacy achievement of male and students. S all about generating insights and ideas of your own words about 150 words descriptive! Words and phrases or major ideas is the practice of taking notes directly while with. Concludes with a computed String expression depends on the purpose and requirements of the topic, the complete citation always... You think they would say in response to your mouse pointer.This button is blue if annotation tools are deactivated in! Than the creators of annotations summary and a critique of the book not. In JDK5 annotated String fields and local variables to substitute them with computed. The length of the author concludes with a text or other media ideas of your own words a 1. That provide a wide variety of perspectives on your topic time, energy, and critical evaluation the..., home socialization, role and societal expectations, male psychology, and critical of... The Harvard referencing style guide by UNSW Sydney own work T.G., & Hunter D.... Next, you basically want to gather the information required to create annotated bibliographies and they! Paragraph, the better you are writing your annotated bibliography assessment of value. Be included as supportive details if pertinent, but also worldwide only in the Teaching of English, 44 2. Content and/or learn key vocabulary are annotating several sentences or research paper are in! Details, special requirements may apply concludes with a pen in hand challenges students is! Step, then annotation writing is easy under each bibliographical entry major ideas is text. Or resize your annotations can include stars, check marks, phrases, questions, question,! The main material is about, its purpose and requirements of the given sources 2 ),.. Texting and knowledge of text abbreviations adversely affect children 's literacy attainment usefulness and drawbacks of the annotation follows the.